Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterised by the presence of numerous fluid filled cysts in the kidneys. As time goes on these cysts can cause kidney enlargement and impair the ability of the kidneys to function. Knowing the Polycystic Kidney Disease Symptoms can assist someone in knowing when medical evaluation might be indicated, since symptoms may not be seen at the early stages.
PKD does not affect individual's in the same way. For some, the symptoms may be minimal or not be apparent for years, while for others, the symptoms may be more severe and continue to require medical treatment.
Simple kidney cysts are not polycystic kidney disease. PKD is a hereditary condition characterized by multiple cysts in the kidneys, and can also affect other organs of the body.
There are two major forms, namely autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), which is typically detected in adulthood, and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) that may be present at birth or in childhood.
Families may be at risk of having a member with PKD, so those who have a family history of the condition may need to talk with a health care provider about screening and testing.
There are different types and progression of PKD, which can lead to different symptoms. Common symptoms and complications are back or side pain, headache, high blood pressure, blood in the urine, kidney stones, and urinary tract/kidney cyst infection.
Some people may not notice any symptoms until the cysts are larger. This does not exclude the possibility of a diagnosis of PKD even if symptoms are not present.
If the pain lasts long or is severe, or if there are other worrisome symptoms, consult a health care provider.
One of the significant complications of ADPKD is high blood pressure. It can also lead to additional damage to the kidneys, making it vital to control blood pressure as part of continued treatment.
Individuals diagnosed with PKD might consequently require periodic blood pressure and kidney function tracking. A health care professional may suggest tests and treatment appropriate for each person based on his or her needs.
Polycystic kidney disease cannot be diagnosed based on symptoms. When diagnosing, doctors might take into account a person's symptoms, family history, and age, along with the number of the kidney cysts.
Kidney cysts can be diagnosed by imaging tests like ultrasound, CT scan or MRI. Sometimes, genetic testing also is considered.
Early evaluation may be beneficial for those who have a family history of PKD or become symptomatic with signs that could be linked to PKD.
Treatment for PKD includes proper medical surveillance and care of general health. Factors that may apply to kidney wellness include healthy lifestyle habits, physical activity, healthy weight, not smoking or having well managed blood pressure. Also be sure to talk to a healthcare provider or a dietitian about dietary decisions since there may be variations in nutritional needs.